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The central historical event in the history of the Shi'a Muslim world is the martyrdom of Imam Hossein, grandson of the Prophet Mohammad. This is embodied in the passion drama, ta'ziyeh, which is performed on a regular basis in Iran. The figures of ta'ziyeh are mythologized and serve as archetypes for many aspects of Iranian culture. This lecture will explore the use of the symbolism of ta'ziyeh and the Hossein martyrdom in Iran's contemporary political rhetoric to mobilize its citizenry against Western powers.

Traditional Agricultural tools have a great impact on the existing Farming Systems of Bangladesh. Awareness to understand farmers' existing condition has grown in part out of farming systems research, which emerged in the 1970s when the complexity of natural resource management in diverse and risk-prone environments was realized. Present research aims to clarify the role of various traditional agricultural tools in the development of present Farming Systems. Moreover, the study and documentation of traditional agricultural tools are time demanding and also very precious.

The aim of this project is to display archaeological information on Hanoi, Vietnam, by using open source software for GIS applications. The project uses the open source software, MapServer , to create dynamic maps that can then be made available on the Internet. Compared with the static maps generated by conventional methods, dynamic maps can better present information changes by using animated images. This project will make customized uses of MapServer to create a dynamic historical map. The result will be a web-based GIS application which users can access via the Internet. With these methods, we can create animated images in a displayed map. Such dynamic maps can then be applied to understanding changes in other field.