過去のセミナー案内：25年度
2013年5月
- CSEAS Colloquium by Dr. David Streckfuss
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- 日時：平成25年5月31日（金） 16:00 -
- 場所：稲盛財団記念館中会議室（332号室）
- スピーカー：CSEAS Visiting Research Scholar
- タイトル：Lèse-Majesté as Crisis of Monarchy: A Comparison of present-day Thailand
and prewar Japan
- 要旨：
- Thailand and Japan are the two largest monarchies in Asia. Both are constitutional
monarchies and democracies where their respective monarchies are “above
politics.” The monarchies in these two countries are largely popular and
respected. But they are different in one key way: Japan’s monarchy persists
despite being perhaps the only monarchy in the world today with no lèse-majesté
law. Meanwhile, Thailand, with a very-much active lèse-majesté law, finds
itself amidst a continuing political crisis of which the monarchy is a
part.
-
- In the run-up of World War Two, Japan hosted the richest concentration
of lèse-majesté cases of the 20th century. So far, Thailand is host to
the 21st century’s record high lèse-majesté cases. From 1936 to 1944, Japan
saw an almost 1,800 persons arrested for the crime whereas in Thailand
from 2005 to 2011 has seen almost 1,000 charges brought for prosecution
in the lower court for lèse-majesté.
-
- A comparison of the lèse-majesté record in these two nations illuminates
our understanding of the pre-war Japanese legal and ideological constructs
and Thailand’s present practices and tribulations. What can we learn about
key aspects of the pre-war Japanese state and the present-day Thai state
by comparing statistics of those charged with lèse-majesté, the practices
and adjudication of courts, and the strategies used by defendants? What
do the lèse-majesté experiences of these two countries tell us about the
tension between democracy and authoritarianism in constitutional monarchies?
And what have been the effects of the eventual resolution of the lèse-majesté
issue in Japan, and what lessons can be learned for Thailand’s future?
How has each country’s experience with the law affected its politics and
its own take on democracy?
- スピーカーにつて：
- David Streckfuss received his Ph.D. in Southeast Asian history from the
University of Wisconsin-Madison. He has since lived in Thailand where he
has directed a community-based study abroad program at Khon Kaen University
for twenty years. His book, Truth on Trial in Thailand, was published by
Routledge in 2011.
-
- At CSEAS he has been working on an article covering Japan’s historical
experience with le`se-majeste' and writing a book that examines monarchy
and le`se-majeste' in the modern world. A historical section looks at le`se-majeste'
in Imperial Germany and Japan. Another section compares present practices
of le`se-majeste', with a special emphasis on European monarchies. A final
section places Thailand’s le`se-majeste' experience into this historical
and comparative framework
- Tonan Talk by Christopher Miller
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- 日時：平成25年5月30日（木） 12:00 -14:00
- 場所：京都大学東南アジア研究所稲盛財団記念館２階東南亭（201室）
- スピーカー：Christopher Miller, Herberger Institute, School of Dance, Arizona State
University
- タイトル：A Preliminary Examination Of Pa’O Music In Local And National Contexts
- 要旨：
- The Pa’O, an ethnic minority group numbering close to one million individuals
and inhabiting the eastern most states of Myanmar, offer a compelling case
for the study of cultural (re)presentation and mediation of the performing
arts within the country. Linguistically related to the Karenic groups of
the region (most notably Sgaw and Pwo Karen), the daily Pa’O experience
is one marked by predominant adherence to Theravada Buddhism and relatively
beneficial economic and political terms resulting from an early cease--‐fire
agreement and open engagement with the central Burmese government. When
one considers a comprehensive view of Pa’O performing arts in contexts
ranging from the Myanmar national media to local festivals and into village
life, the author maintains that a range of policy and cultural factors
contribute to an intellectual dissonance as one views Pa’O performance
practices. On the surface, a critical view finds that the Pa’O are significantly
simplified and stripped of virtuosity in the national context, presumably
as a means of fitting within discourse towards national identity construction.
However, performance within local contexts and the periphery demonstrate
a remarkable palate of movement and musical complexity consistent with
prolonged, purposeful patronage of the performing arts. Supported by the
author’s own fieldwork with the Pa’O Literary and Cultural Council (a sub--‐group
of the Pa’O National Organization) and field recordings collected since
2002, this paper seeks to present a nuanced investigation of Pa’O performing
arts in context. The resulting work reveals not only points of conflict
between the national and the local in cultural (re)presentation but also
uncovers subtle assertions of agency among the Pa’O as they negotiate ongoing
refinements in how their culture is understood within Myanmar.
- スピーカーにつて：
- Christopher A. Miller is Curator of Collections in the Herberger Institute School of Dance at
Arizona State University. In his previous academic appointments he has
served as Bibliographer for Southeast Asia at Arizona State University
Libraries; Curator of Audiovisual Resources and Southeast Asian Instruments
at the Musical Instrument Museum in Phoenix, Arizona; and as Managing Editor
of Southeast Asia Publications in the Center For Southeast Asian Studies
at Northern Illinois University. His graduate training is in ethnomusicology
with an emphasis on Southeast Asia Studies (Northern Illinois University)
and library and information sciences (University Of Arizona). Christopher’s
Research interests, in both Indonesia and Myanmar, Have focused on the
(re)presentation Of the performing arts of ethnic minority groups on national
stages, media, competitions, and conservatories. More recently, he has
included within his research scope the role of the archive for the preservation
of intangible cultural heritage within those national contexts.
- モデレーター：速水洋子（東南アジア研究所）
- The 10th Southeast Asian Studies for Sustainable Humanosphere Research
Seminar
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- 日時：平成25年5月27日（月） 16:00 - 17:30
- 場所：京都大学東南アジア研究所共同棟4階セミナー室 (409号室)
- タイトル：Exploring Astronomy in the Ancient Sundanese Culture
- 発表者：Prof. Suhardja D. Wiramihardja, CSEAS Visiting Scholar from the Institut
Teknologi Bandung (ITB)
- Abstract:
- This presentation will introduce the results of a study that explores the
astronomy-related culture of the indigenous Sundanese people (the ethnic
group of 43 million people who live in west part of Java island). Firstly,
I present an overview of research methods of the study through a literature
review as well as interviews conducted with local story tellers, and visits
of historical sites. In ancient times before the invention of time keeping
(such as the watch), Sundanese people used natural indicators to understand
traditional time to determine or name times of the day. This was based
on natural phenomena: through what the Sundanese felt, saw, or heard and
in tandem with the effects of the Sun’s positions. A Sundanese Calendar
System, called Kala Sunda, consisting of Saka Sunda (solar-based calendar),
Caka Sunda (lunar-based calendar), and Kala Sukra (star-based calendar)
was known in ancient times. Surprisingly, this calendar system is still
in use by the Baduy people, an ancient Sundanese community who live in
an isolated region in the western part of West Java Province, potentially
one of the best places to conduct fieldwork on ethnoastronomy.
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- This presentation also discusses Pranatamangsa (time-keeping system) which
was recognized by ancient Sundanese ethnic groups and applied mainly by
farmers to the agricultural cycle. Agricultural people such as the Sundanese
were concerned with calendrical observations which were crucial in gauging
the time of planting and harvesting to insure the success of crops. The
appearance and disappearance of certain stars were correlated with the
seasons of the year, and reminded observers when to plough, sow, hunt,
fish and celebrate other annual events. Some well-known constellations
were included in Pranatamangsa, e.g., Orion which was called Wuluku (the
Plough) by local people and the Southern Cross, which Sundanese named Bentang
Langlayangan (the Kite). Orion indicates the time to begin cultivating
rice, and the Southern Cross indicates the Southern direction which is
very important for local fishermen and an indication of dry season for
farmers.
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- In the latter part of this presentation two folk-lore tales about the eclipses
of the Sun and Moon familiar to an older Sundanese generation will be given.
- Bio:
- Suhardja D. Wiramihardja is professor of astronomy, Institut Teknologi
Bandung (ITB) and obtained his doctorate in astronomy from Kyoto University
with specialty in Physics of the Galaxy. His publications are mostly on
star-forming regions and galactic clusters. Recently, he has included ethnoastronomy
within the scope of his research. He is currently a visiting research scholar
in CSEAS, Kyoto University.
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